Purified protein derivative skin testing on HIV/AIDS patients and logistic regression analysis of its risk factors

Objective: To understand the reactivity of purified protein derivative skin test(PPD test) in HIV-infected persons and to determine the influential factors associated with PPD. Methods: 174 HIV/AIDS patients registered in the local center for disease control and prevention(CDC) participated this study from April to June in 2006. Questionnaire, CD4 count and thoracic roentgenogram were performed for all participants. Results: In this study, response rate of questionnaires was 83.65%. The majority of these participants had a different degree of immunodeficiency that accounted for 93.64%. Female patients had a higher CD4 count than that of males. The total positive rate of PPD was 38.15%. Analysis of single factor in our study indicated that CD4 count, previous tuberculosis history, tuberculosis contact history and thoracic roentgenogram manifestation of patients were related to their PPD diameters. Further analysis of multiple factors also supports the previous conclusion that CD4 count and previous tuberculosis history of patients were risk factors in the PPD test. Conclusion: The PPD test of HIV/AIDS patients could be affected by several factors. For persons infected with HIV, the confirmation of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) should be considered the combination effect of previous MTB infection and body cellular immune function.     

TREATMENT OF 247 CASES OF PROLAPSE OF LUMBAR INTERVERTEBRAL DISC WITH COMPREHENSIVE PLUM-BLOSSOM MAGNETIC NEEDLE THERAPY

Objective: To.observe the therapeutic effect of comprehensive plum-blcssom magnetic needle therapy on prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc. Methods. 247 cases of prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc were treated first with manual treatment and then with plum-blcssom magnetic needle therapy and effect-increasing pad therapy at specified points and reactive points. Results: After treatment for 2 therapeutic courses, 153 cases were cured accounting for 61.94%, 71 cases were markedly effective accounting for 28.75%, 22 cases were improved accounting for 8.91% and the rest one failed,acceunting for 0.45%. Conclusion. The comprehensive plum-blessom magnetic needle therapy has a better therapeutic effect on prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc.     

Periodontal disease and myocardial infarction risk: A meta-analysis of cohort studies

IntroductionThe objective of this meta-analysis was to systematically assess the association between periodontal disease (PD) and myocardial infarction (MI).MethodsWe searched the EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases for eligible cohort studies from inception to August 31st, 2020 that reported the association between PD and MI. Data extraction was conducted after screening the literature. The risk of bias of the included studies was evaluated by using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The combined OR value and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by using STATA 11.0 software, and the source of any heterogeneity was determined by performing subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis.ResultsA total of 10 cohort studies involving 5,369,235 participants fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis showed an increased risk for MI in patients with PD [RR = 1.13, 95% CI (1.04, 1.21), P = 0.004], and this result was robust according to sensitivity analysis. Subgroup analyses indicated that the results were affected by sex, effect value, study quality, survey form and investigation type.DiscussionThis meta-analysis suggests that PD is modestly associated with MI, especially in women, which is similar to the conclusions of earlier meta-analyses of case-control or observational studies. PD may be an untraditional risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including MI; thus, maintaining periodontal health may be an effective measure to prevent MI. More cohort studies are still needed to further explore the relationship between the incidence of MI and PD.     

胰岛素泵联合小剂量胰岛素静脉滴注治疗糖尿病酮症酸中毒18例临床观察

目的观察胰岛素泵联合胰岛素滴注治疗酮症酸中毒﹙DKA﹚的疗效。方法将2008年4月～2011年6月收治的DKA患者36例分为治疗组18和对照组18例,治疗组给予胰岛素泵全程治疗,结合小剂量胰岛素持续点滴,对照组给予小剂量胰岛素治疗。比较两组患者血糖变化、DKA纠正时间及住院时间。结果治疗组血糖下降相对稳定,酸中毒纠正时间短于对照组,且无反复;治疗过程中治疗组未出现低血糖,对照组出现3例;住院时间治疗组短于对照组。结论胰岛素泵联合胰岛素滴注治疗酮症酸中毒安全有效。     

几种常见乙肝模式患者乙肝病毒前S1抗原检测的临床价值

目的：探讨乙肝前S1抗原（pre-S1）在几种常见乙肝模式患者鉴别诊断中的临床价值。方法：对353例乙肝两对半不同模式的患者血清及50例全阴对照组血清，同步进行pre-S1及HBV-DNA检测。结果：在HB—sAg（＋）、HBeAg（＋）、HBcAb（＋）模式组，pre—S1检出率为85．7％，HBV-DNA检出率为87．8％；在HBsAg（＋）、HBcAb（＋）、HBeAb（＋）模式组，pre-S1检出率为53．9％，HBV-DNA检出率为49．4％；在HBsAg（＋）、HBeAg（＋）模式组，pre—S1检出率为78．3％，HBV—DNA检出率为80．0％；在HBsAg（＋）、HBcAb（＋）模式组，pro-S1检出率为28．6％，HBV—DNA检出率为24．5％；在HBsAg（＋）、HBeAg（＋）、HBeAb（＋）模式组，pre-S1检出率为16．7％，HBV—DNA检出率为0．0％；在其他模式组，pre-S1和HBV-DNA检出率均为0．0％。结论：乙肝前S1抗原可作为HBV在体内复制的可靠标志。     

盐酸氨溴索联合泼尼松治疗特发性肺间质纤维化急性加重期临床研究

目的探讨盐酸氨溴索联合泼尼松治疗特发性肺间质纤维化(IPF)急性加重期的临床疗效。方法选取医院2015年10月至2018年9月收治的IPF急性加重期患者76例,按随机数字表法分为联合组与对照组,各38例。两组患者均给予常规疗法及醋酸泼尼松片,联合组患者在此基础上加用盐酸氨溴索片,均治疗3个月。结果治疗3个月后,两组患者最大通气量(MVV)、第1秒用力呼气容积/用力肺活量比值(FEV1/FVC)、一氧化碳弥散量(DLCO)、血氧分压(PaO2)、血酸碱度(p H)、6 min步行距离(6MWD)水平均较治疗前显著升高,且联合组明显高于对照组同期(P<0.05);两组患者血二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)水平及IPF患者报告临床结局(IPF-PRO)评分均较治疗前显著下降,且联合组明显低于对照组同期(P<0.05);治疗期间两组不良反应发生率相当(P>0.05)。结论盐酸氨溴索联合泼尼松治疗IPF急性加重期疗效显著,可显著改善患者肺功能、动脉血气运动耐量及生活质量,且安全性良好。     

0.2T MR水成像技术的临床应用

目的　探讨低场强磁共振水成像技术的应用价值。方法　应用单次激发快速自旋回波技术对 10 8例患者不同部位进行扫描 ,在腹部扫描时要求屏气 (小于 13s)。结果　在磁共振胰胆管成像 (MRCP)中 ,胆总管及左右肝管显示率分别为 10 0 %、99% ,胰管显示率为 60 % ,泌尿系显示率为 93 %。结论　低场强磁共振水成像技术发展迅速 ,效果理想 ,值得应用推广。     

唑来膦酸与阿仑膦酸钠治疗骨质疏松性髋部骨折的临床疗效对比

目的回顾性分析唑来膦酸与阿仑膦酸钠对骨质疏松性髋部骨折患者的临床疗效和安全性比较。方法从2016年1月至2017年10月就诊的骨质疏松性髋部骨折患者中筛选出分别接受唑来膦酸和阿仑膦酸钠治疗至少1年的老年患者作为研究对象,分为观察组(唑来膦酸治疗)和对照组(阿仑膦酸钠治疗)。收集所有患者治疗前及治疗1年后视觉模拟评分(VAS)、股骨骨密度和骨代谢标志物变化情况,进行组间比较,观察药物不良反应和再发骨折情况。结果治疗1年后两组患者术后骨密度明显升高,VAS评分、Ⅰ型胶原氨基端前肽(PINP)、Ⅰ型胶原羧基端肽(CTX)水平较治疗前均显著下降(P均0. 05)。治疗后观察组VAS评分、CTX水平显著低于同期对照组(P0. 05),两组骨密度、PINP、药物不良反应发生率以及再发骨折差异均无统计学意义(P0. 05)。结论唑来膦酸和阿仑膦酸钠用于骨质疏松性髋部骨折均安全有效。但在缓解骨折术后骨痛症状,改善骨代谢,提高患者依从性方面,唑来膦酸优于阿仑膦酸钠。     

早期电话随访对慢性心力衰竭出院患者30天再次住院率的影响

目的探讨早期电话随访能否减少慢性心力衰竭出院患者的30 d再次住院率。方法 2012年6月至2013年6月期间在本院心内科住院确诊的慢性心力衰竭患者700例,随机分为早期电话随访组(出院1周内电话随访,250例),常规电话随访组(出院1周至1月内随访,260例),未随访组(出院后未随访,190例),观察30 d内3组患者因心力衰竭加重的再次住院率、再次住院死亡率及再次入院的危险因素。结果早期电话随访组30 d内再次住院比例(49例,19.6%)明显低于常规电话随访组(61例,23.4%)和未随访组(50例,26.3%)(P均0.05);早期电话随访组30 d内再住院死亡比例(7例,2.8%)明显低于常规电话随访组(12例,4.6%)和未随访组(13例,6.8%)(P均0.05)。再次住院的危险因素分析结果显示:利尿剂、β受体阻滞剂、地高辛应用不合理引起的再住院比例,早期电话随访组明显低于常规电话随访组,且明显低于未随访组;诱因为感染、心律失常及其他原因引起的再住院比例3组之间无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论早期电话随访可能是降低慢性心力衰竭患者再住院率的一种有效方法。